Oil-solvent process



Patented Dec. 14,1926.

u iTEoTfsT T-Es- PATENT? OFFICE.

JA'coB nnn'nrcn, or, BELLEVILLE, new JERSEY.

oin-sonvnn'r raocnss.

iNo Drawingi My invention relates to solvent processes and refers particularly to' processes for-the solvent extraction of oils from oil-containing substances.

" 'My invention comprises a process for the f extraction of fatty and essential oils from oleaginoussubstances, among 7 which are linseed, cotton-seed, mustard seed, copra and a other such materials, by the employment of solvents having valuable solvent properties for this purpose and which, inaddition, possess qualities which. enables theirapplication to be accompanied by economic and safety values not found in the solvents formerly employed for this purpose.

I have found that nuclear halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons possess unexpecte solvent powers for the extraction of oil's from oleaginous substances and that they" possess other chemical, properties which make them particularly valuable for the indicated purposes. 1

As the dissolved oils must be separated I from the solvents, it is essential that the recovery'of. the solvent be capable of" accompli'shment in the most thorough manner, accompanied by a minimum ofjexpense and danger, and inthe'se particulars the solvents of my process possess the highest'etficiency.

The usual solvents employedfor oil extrications are of high inflammability, thus,

, making their. application of the greater danger and in this respect the solvents of advantages as my process present great .-manufacturing less tha'p those of the present employed .solvents.

Another great advantageof my processrests in the solvents I employ which do not react appreciably with water at the temperature of employment, whereas the chlorine 1 derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons often of expensive. equipmen their inflammability is much decompose suitable and valuable for the sol-- Application filed February 9,1925. Serial m. 8,058.

vent removal of fatty and volatile oils are mono-chlorbenzene, ortho-dichlorbenzene,

para-dichlorbenzene, ortho-chlortoluene, and

para-chlortoluene. 4 4 7 When para-dichlorbenzene is employed, it

is preferable to use it at temperatures above its melting point, that is'abo've 53 C.,'whereas ortho-dichlorbenzeue, because of its low solidifying point, about minus 14 C., can be used at ordinary temperatures. I

For economic reasons I prefer. to employ the so-called ortho-dichlorbenzene of commerce, which is approximately 75% orthodichlorbenzene and 25% para-dichlorbenzene.

In the following application of my proc-.

agitated in the presence. of liquefied nuclear halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in a closed vessel to prevent loss of solvent, the

hydrocarbon with the dissolved oils then being' removed from the undissolved residue. As the particular means of treatment of dependent upon the material and solvent employed; as the particular means forseparating the solvent and the dissolved oils from the, undissolved substances is dependent upon -the particular solvent, oils and undissolved substances; and as the particular means for separating the dissolved oils from the solvents containing them isdependent upon the particular oils and solvents employed, and as these several means of separation are well known to those converd ess, the oleaginous material is thoroughly.

.the oleaginous materials with the solvent is" sant with the art, I do not limit myself to any particular method of separation; which must necessarily 'vary with, and be dependent upon, the substances and materials emf ployed.

My vention, therefore, does not rest in the particular steps of separation but. in the employment of the solvents mentioned herein, the steps of separation being incident to the. recovery of the oils from the sub-' stances. containing them.

Monoschlorbenzene has a relatively low I boiling point (132) and can, therefore, be distilled directly, whereas the ortho and para-dichlorbenzenes both boil over 170 (3., which temperature would be more likely to the dissolved substance, so that recourse is had to steam distillation. since both ortho. and para-dichlorbenzenes pass over readily with steam at 0., or distillation out any preliminary drying, is extracted with a mixture of orthoand para-dichlorbenzol at about C., until the amount of fatty and essential oil present in the seed is reduced to a minimum. The extract is now distilled with saturated steam at atmospheric pressure in a suitable iron apparatus, Whereby the solvent and essential'oil' are removed,

leaving behind the fatty oil. The latter,

after separation from the water present by gravity or otherwise, is obtained directly in a pure and readily marketable condition. i The oil-which passes over with the steam contains both the solvent and essential oil. These are separated by ordinary refractionation with steam whereby the essential oil and the solvent are'readily obtained in a form suitable for use and the exhausted solid material is freed from solvent by means of steam at atmospheric pressure.

When I refer to nuclear halogenat'edaromatic h drocarbon in my specification and claims I mean one such nuclear halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon or a mixturetof two 'or more members of such hydrocarbons.

By non-polymerized oils I mean those animal and vegetable oils which are 'free from, or practically free from, polymerization during the process.

I do not limit myself to the particular nuclear halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, nor to the quantities, temperatures and steps of process particularly mentioned, as these are given simply as a means for clearly explaining the process of my invention.

What I claim is: f

1. The process of extracting non-polymerized oils from animal and vegetable oleaginous materials containing them which comprise treating the oleaginousmaterials with a nuclear halogenated aromatic-hydrocarbon liquid at the operating temperatures,

.separating the hydrocarbon and the oils dissolved therein from the undissolved materials and recovering the thus dissolved oils from the employed hydrocarbon.

2. The process of extracting non-polyoleaginous materials containing them which comprises treating the oleaginous materials with a liquid mixture of ortho-dichlorbenzene and para-dichlorbenzene, separating merized oils from animal and vegetable the said dichlorbenzene mixture and theoils dissolved therein from the undissolved mafrom the dichlorbenzene mixture.

aginous materials containing them which comprises treating the oleaginous materials with a liquid mixture of ortho-dichlorben- 'terials and recovering the said dissolved oils zene and para-dichlorbenzene, separating the said dichlorbenzene mixture and the oils dissolved thereinirom the undissolved ma-.

terials and recovering the said dissolved oils from the dichlorbenzene mixture by distillation.

4. The process of extracting non-polymerized oils from animal and vegetable oleaginous materials containing them which comprises treating the oleaginous materials with a nuclear halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon liquid at the operating temperatures,

separating the hydrocarbon and the oils dis solved therein from the undissolved materials by distillation and recovering the thus dissolved oils from the employed hydro carbon by distillation.

5. In the process of extracting non-polymerized oils from animal and vegetable ole- 'aginous materials containing them, the step';

which comprises dissolving the oils with 'a nuclear halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon liquid at the operating temperatures.

6. In the process of extracting non-polymerized'oils from animal and vegetable oleaginous materials containing them, the step which co'i'nprises dissolving the oils with a liquid mixture of ortho-dichlorbenzeneand para dic'hlorbenzene.

Signed at Belleville, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, this'2nd day of February, 1925.

- JACOB EHRLICH. 

